Worsening Renal Function in Elderly Patients with Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease: An Update

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as either kidney damage or eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for three or more months [1]. Elderly patients have often an impaired basal renal function due to intrinsic renal disease or to a physiological decrease in the number of functional nephrons [2]. Half of adults over the age of 70 years have eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 [3]. CKD occurs in about 4.5% of the general population and 50% in patients with chronic or acute heart failure (HF) [4]. Commonly, CKD can be associated with chronic heart failure in elderly patients [2] […]