Introduction: Immunohistochemistry is a widely used diagnostic technique in pathology, the antibodies used for unvailing a tissue’s origin being made up of proteins, more specifically aminoacids. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors have a distinct immunohistochemistry profile, with great emphasis concerning those with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation being positive for S-100 protein, myogenin, vimentin, CD99, p63, GFAP, caldesmon, desmin, and p53 and Myo-D1 (the later two revealing the striated muscle differentiation). Materials and methods: A case study concerning a patient suffering from a moderately differentiated (G2) non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the lung highlighted the development of an ndifferentiated sarcomatous proliferation on the left hemithorax, 7 years after the initial external radiotherapy treatment for the malignant lung tumor. Results: The immunohistochemistry analysis of the thoracic wall invasive tumor revealed it to be a malignant peripheal nerve sheath tumor with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation (Triton tumor) with the positivity for the specific aforementioned markers and a proliferation index – Ki67 of 90%. Chemotherapy was the elective treatment which was followed for 1 month, the patient having a rapid downward evolution towards exitus, with a 33 month post-diagnosis survival.

Conclusions: This case was presented due to the rarity and difficulty of the diagnosis, consisting of a rare subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor for which there is no therapeutic consensus and with an un-favorable prognosis.

Acute decompensated heart failure has an increasing incidence and poor prognosis, being a major cause of death and hospital readmission and requiring urgent optimized therapy[1]. Under the influence of some decompensation risk factor, such as infections, arrhythmias, decompensation of some comorbidities, lack of adherence to the treatment, patients with a history of heart failure may suffer a progressive symptomatology worsening
therefore, more than 70% of cases of acute heart failure represent the clinical worsening of chronic heart failure - ADHF[2]. [...]

The link between kidney damage and HT remains a challenge in medical research from a century when HT concept was defined, taking in consideration than HT is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease morta-lity worldwide, due to the increasing prevalence, poor compliance to treatment and many complications[1-3]. The hypertensive nephrosclerosis is currently diagnosed in the latest stages of the disease because, for a long period of time, the injuries are compensated by kidney and therefore the clinical presentation is not specific[4]. The current diagnostic methods are non-specific, especially for early diagnosis of hypertensive nephrosclerosis, except the renal biopsy which is considered the gold standard but is rarely indicated in clinical routine due to its invasiveness and possible severe complications[5]. The pathogenic mechanism is complex and not very well understood but renal microcirculation impairment seems to be responsible for the onset and progression of this disease[6]. Therefore, any method that can accurately assess the early microvasculature changes of renal cortex, easy to use, simple and safe, with no invasiveness, could be an important diagnostic tool in hypertensive nephrosclerosis approach. [...]