The Distally Based Superficial Sural Artery Angiosome Flap Concept: Anatomy, Indications, Surgical Technique, Results…

Located between the popliteal fossa and the midportion of the calf, centered over de midline raphe, between the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius muscle, the sural flap is the best known neurocutaneous flap of the leg. [1,2]
The sural angiosome was first introduced in practice by Ponten in 1981, when he reported the use of 23 fasciocutaneous proximally based flaps for soft tissue defects.[3] Donski and Fogdestam described the anatomy of the distally based sural flap and presented three clinical cases in 1982. [4]