Purpose: To study the awareness of diabetes and its multisystem involvement like diabetic retinopathy among population attending the rural health care center of a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A cross sectional study over a period of 2 years was conducted amongst 6000 general adult population attending rural health care center of a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh. All the patients were subjected to random blood sugar testing and a self-made questionnaire. Data obtained was statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 15.0. (P<0.05) was taken as significant value.

Results: In our study, we enrolled 6000 participants of mean age 56.4 years +/- 10years with male: female ratio of 3:5. Based on the questionnaire, we observed that 71.05% of the enrolled participants were unaware about the complications of diabetes. 85.03% did not know that diabetes could affect the eyes per say. While more than 92.18% were particularly unaware about diabetic retinopathy or its treatment modalities. 93.3% of the general adult population said that they would get an eye checkup when their vision is significantly reduced. The awareness about diabetic eye disease was significantly less in females. (p<0.05).

Conclusions: As per our study, more than half of the individuals lacked any knowledge about multi system involvement in diabetes. They were particularly unaware about the importance of eye screening in diabetes.

Purpose: To compare the macular and peripapillary RNFL thicknesses of the amblyopic and normal eye in patients with anisometropic amblyopia. Methods: This is a hospital based cross-sectional study for which we studied 36 amblyopic subjects aged between 5 to 16 years in which the amblyopic eye was taken as the case and the unaffected eye was taken as control eye. The inclusion criteria included children having unilateral strabismic or anisometropic amblyopia who underwent macular and RNFL thickness assessment by SD-OCT. Results: Central Macular thickness as well as the thickness of the other macular segments was significantly greater in the affected eye (p<0.001) as compared to the normal eye. The average RNFL thickness was also found to be increased in the affected eye but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.106), however it was statistically significant in quadrantic analysis (p<0.05). The Central Macular thickness showed a negative correlation with the BCVA (r=- 0.252), although it was not statistically significant (p=0.139). Conclusion: A significant increase was found in the macular as well as RNFL thickness in the amblyopic eyes as compared to the normal fellow eye which support the hypothesis of decreased apoptosis of the ganglion cells postnatally.