Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are the most frequent cause of cranial tumors [1,2], benign by histology but with high morbidity caused by their complications – hypersecretion of pituitary hormones but also compression of surrounding structures thus affecting the visual field or causing pituitary deficiency. Their etiology, although intensely studied in the last 30 years, is still largely unknown. The natural evolution and the response to current treatment options of PAs (surgery, medication and radiotherapy) are very variable, influenced by various factors, some identified and some still to be found. Early diagnose and treatment is associated with better prognosis thus identifications of patients at risk for developing a PA and targeted follow-up would result in a better management of the disease [...]