Background: Knowing the dimensions of lumbar spinal canal is crucial to diagnose lumbar stenosis with the Magnetic resonance imaging is the most accepted and accurate modality for diagnosis. This study aimed to estimate the lumbar canal diameters in anteroposterior and cross-sectional areas by MR studies performed for middle aged population.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with Magnetic resonance images for the lumbosacral spine collected from young (18-26 years), Antero-posterior and transverse diameters for the Dural sac, the ligamentous interfacet diameter, and the cross-sectional area for the Dural sac were measured for all lumbar vertebrae. Chi-square and t-test were used to calculate various variables.
Results: 54 patients enrolled in the study, mean age was 22.6 years old, with a 1:1 male-to-female ratio. No significant P-Values were found between both genders at the 0.05 level of significancy, all
Conclusion: The lumbar cross-sectional area dural sac, ligamentous interfacet distant, AP sagittal spinal canal, transverse axial, AP axial dural sac, and AP axial spinal canal showed a non-significant difference in young age group females than males’ measurements in a sample of patients attending MRI units.

Background: Adolescent pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or preeclampsia represent high-risk scenarios with understudied perinatal implications.
Objectives: To evaluate and compare the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia on neonatal and obstetric outcomes among pregnant adolescents in a prospective cohort from Baghdad.
Methods: This 6-year prospective cohort study (2019–2025) enrolled 461 pregnant adolescents (≤19 years) stratified into gestational diabetes (GDM) (n=143), preeclampsia (n=157), and healthy controls (n=161). Outcomes were compared separately: GDM vs controls and preeclampsia vs controls using ANOVA, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: Versus controls, preeclampsia showed higher preterm birth (aOR=7.1; 95% CI:3.6–14.2), cesarean delivery (aOR=4.6; 95% CI:2.7–7.9), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (aOR=4.7; 95% CI:2.4–9.3). GDM demonstrated intermediate risks, preterm birth (aOR=3.3; 95% CI:1.6–6.8) and NICU admission (aOR=2.9; 95% CI:1.5–5.8).
Conclusion: Both conditions independently amplify perinatal risks in adolescents, with preeclampsia conferring the most severe outcomes.

Background: With the increasing trends of global culinary boom and food revolution, and since adolescents are one of the most important age groups that intereact actively with new emerging waves, the health impacts of overweight adolescent pregnancy could be an evolving issue. Additionally, prematurity has different risks of disease and fatality in different areas and nations. Objectives: We aimed to measure the prevalence of complications of prematurity in 1000 neonates in Baghdad city born to overweight adolescent mothers and general maternal characteristics. Methods: Data of 1000 premature (case) and full-term (control) neonates were collected from hospital records in Baghdad over 12 years. The mothers of our samples were overweight and adolescents. Results: In premature neonatal group, mean adolescent maternal age was 18.2±1.6 years and mean maternal body mass index was 26.8±4.3 kg/m2. Cesarean delivery was the main mode with 648 women (64.8%) while it appeared significantly less in full-term group (52.6%). In premature group, mean gestational age (weeks) was 33.41±2.76, and mean birth weight (g) was 1426.58±294.12. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was the major neonatal complication (n=786, 78.6%), followed by sepsis (n=199, 19.9%). Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) came after (n=113, 11.3%), then patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) appeared (n=66, 6.6%), and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) had the least prevalence rate (n=35, 3.5%). Death affected 47 neonates (4.7%).
Conclusion: As for premature delivery in Baghdad, overweight adolescent pregnant women had higher CS rates compared to normal delivery. Regarding complications of the premature neonates, RDS had the greatest frequency followed by sepsis, IVH, PAD, and NCE, respectively.